Most White-Collar employees in Sweden are covered by a CBA. This needs to be confirmed with local Accountants, especially if an new hire is an expat.
Under the CBA, there’s a supplemental pension (ITP 1). For those born after 1978 it is a DC plan (DB for those born earlier). Employer’s contributions are: salary up to 7.5 IBA: 4.5%; Salary above 7.5 IBA up to 30 IBA: 30% (IBA In 2023, 1 IBA = SEK74,300).
Unless the company has a collective agreement, it is not obligatory to enter into any such pension plan other than to pay the statutory pension. It is a possibility, not an obligation and as such the contribution can be any % agreed.
It is possible to follow ITP1 too that is a collective agreement-based pension scheme, it all depends on the agreement between the employer and the employee
A relevant CBA applies to the employer if this employer has signed a collective agreement with the union directly or is a member of the employers - organisation, which has signed the CBA with the union.
XML is not subject to any CBA unless it signs it directly with the union or is a member of an employer-representative organization.